辐射传热时活塞式气缸中加热气体的最大膨胀功

对热辐射传热定律q∝Δ(T4)下,给定初态内能、体积,末态体积以及过程时间时,加热气体膨胀的最优构型进行了研究,利用最优控制理论得出最大膨胀功输出时膨胀的最优构型由两个瞬时绝热分支和一个E-L分支组成的结论.给出了各分支之间转换点参数的求解方法及最优构型的数值算例,最后将线性唯象传热定律、牛顿传热定律、平方传热定律、立方传热定律和辐射传热定律下加热气体膨胀的最优构型进行了比较.结果显示,随着传热指数的增加,理想气体的内能呈现出明显的整体增加趋势,而体积则呈现出明显的整体减小趋势.     

压力容器裂纹寿命预测的概率分析方法

本文在文献的基础上,进一步考虑材料性能分散性和使用环境随机性的影响,用概率分析方法对有裂纹的压力容器进行安全性分析,阐述了其可靠度指标和失效概率的分析计算步骤。并用Monte-Carlo方法预测裂纹扩展寿命,从而为正确确定压力容器的运行方式及合理的修理间隔期提供了重要的技术依据。算例证明了该方法的合理性、可行性。     

超动态变化的压力测量

本文介绍了采用MS-1215A/D板与IBM兼容机等组成的压力信号采集处理系统。该系统能对模拟压水堆大破口失水事故时超动态变化的压力进行高速采集,并能及时进行数据处理;根据需要还可打印有关参数和图表。此外,本文还介绍了为确保输入计算机的信号可信而采取的有效措施。     

可压缩流动压力修正方程分析

依据Ｐａｔａｎｋａｒ提出的差分方程稳定性判断的４项基本法则,对可压缩流动的压力修正方程进行了分析,得出压力修正方程系数为正的条件．指出在每一次求解压力修正方程时必须提高解的收敛程度,以保证下一次迭代的差分方程矩阵接近主对角占优．分析了速度离散方程的欠松驰因子对可压缩流压力修正方程的影响．     

多输出性能下的重要性测度指标及其求解方法

针对基于马氏距离的重要性测度存在的问题,提出了基于谱分解加权摩尔彭罗斯马氏距离的重要性测度指标,通过构造多输出协方差阵的广义逆矩阵以及谱分解的策略,有效解决了协方差阵求逆奇异情况以及由于未能充分考虑多输出之间的相互关系而导致的错误识别重要变量的问题,克服了基于马氏距离指标的局限性。数值算例与工程算例结果表明:所提重要性测度可以更加准确地获得输入变量对结构系统多输出性能随机取值特征贡献的排序,从而为可靠性设计提供充分的信息。     

PC机并行口的扩展

本文介绍一种经济实用的并行口扩展板电路。实践证明,该电路工作性能稳定,操作方便可靠,适用于PC/XT,PC/AT机的I/O扩展。     

PID在柴油发电机组输出稳定性控制中的应用研究

针对目前移动式柴油发电机组机械式调速器响应速度慢、精度差以及负载变化较大时发电机组输出电压和频率波动较大的问题，研究了PID在柴油发电机组稳定性控制中的应用，进行了电子调速器电路的研究与设计。对75kW柴油发电机组进行了空载、半载及满载实验，实验结果验证了设计电路和控制方法的正确性。该电子调速器采用PID方法对发动机转速进行控制，达到了改善柴油发电机组输出稳定性的目的，并且具有响应速度快和准确度高的特点。     

The surface activation of boron to improve ignition and combustion characteristic

Boron is a very promising and highly attractive fuel because of high calorific value. However, the practical applications in explosives and propellants of boron have been limited by long ignition delay time and low combustion efficiency. Herein, nano-Al and graphene fluoride (GF) as surface activated materials are employed to coat boron (B) particles to improve ignition and combustion performance. The reaction heat of nano-Al coated B/KNO₃ and GF coated B/KNO₃ are 1116.83 J/g and 862.69 J/g, respectively, which are higher than that of pure B/KNO₃ (823.39 J/g). The ignition delay time of B/KNO₃ could be reduced through nano-Al coating. The shortest ignition delay time is only 75 ms for B coated with nano-Al of 8 wt%, which is much shorter than that of pure B/KNO₃ (109 ms). However, the ignition delay time of B/KNO₃ coated with GF has been increased from 109 to 187 ms. B coated with GF and nano-Al shown significantly influence on the pressure output and flame structure of B/KNO₃. Furthermore, the effects of B/O ratios on the pressure output and ignition delay time have been further fully studied. For B/KNO₃ coated with nano-Al and GF, the highest pressures are 88 KPa and 59 KPa for B/O ratio of 4:6, and the minimum ignition delay time are 94 ms and 148 ms for B/O ratio of 7:3. Based on the above results, the reaction process of boron coated with GF and nano-Al has been proposed to understand combustion mechanism.     

On the contribution of defense innovation to China’s economic growth

As the most knowledge-intensive industrial sectors, China’s defense industries are developing very fast. The present paper will explore the contribution of China’s defense innovation to its economic growth. Cobb–Douglas production function, integrating defense and non-defense stock in knowledge, is applied during the course. In addition, an input–output analysis of defense equipment procurement was done. Positive effect of China’s defense innovation on economic growth has been revealed by comparing the results from the two methods. And some suggestions are made to strengthen the effect.     

机载MIMO雷达稳健非均匀样本选择方法

针对杂波训练样本中混入干扰目标,导致空时自适应处理技术的杂波抑制性能下降问题,提出一种基于目标知识进行局部稀疏恢复的稳健训练样本挑选方法。该方法利用先验知识确定待检测单元中的目标区域,对整个角度-多普勒平面进行遍历,获得稀疏超完备基。通过变换矩阵对超完备基中对应的目标区域进行"挖空"处理,局部稀疏恢复出超分辨的杂波空时谱,获得杂波协方差矩阵估计。结合广义内积算法,实现非均匀训练样本挑选的过程。与常规结合广义内积方法相比,该方法对于不同干扰强度的训练样本,均有良好的检测效果。经仿真验证,所提方法的检验统计量之间区分度更加明显,对于干扰样本的挑选更加彻底,从而有效地提高了空时自适应处理技术的目标检测性能。